I-E-commerce noma i-commerce ye-elekthronikhi akuyona umqondo we-monolithic, kepha kunalokho inikeza izincazelo eziningi zokuncika. Ngokombono weWikipedia iyi- uhlelo lokuthenga nokuthengisa umkhiqizo kanye nezinsizakalo ezisebenzisa i-Intanethi njengezindlela zokushintshanisa. Ngamanye amagama, isibalo sesigaba sezohwebo siyakhuthazwa lapho kokubili amaqoqo nezinkokhelo zilawulwa ngezindlela zikagesi. Ukuba yisici sayo esikhulu futhi okusiza ukuqonda lo mqondo emkhakheni webhizinisi.
Noma kunjalo, futhi njengoba ngakolunye uhlangothi kunengqondo ukuqonda, ibhizinisi ngalinye linekilasi leklayenti eliqondiswe kulo, futhi ngokususelwa kulokhu singenza uchungechunge lwezigaba ezizosiza kakhulu ukuqonda inhloso yalesi sihloko . Lokho kusho ukuthi, yini ukuhweba ngogesi ngokwephrofayili yezentengiselwano, nokuthi yini enikeza imisebenzi ehlukile njengoba kuzokhonjiswa ngezansi.
Ukucacisa le ncazelo, kuzodingeka ukuthi ungabheki kuphela uhlobo lwale ndima yobungcweti. Uma kungenjalo, kubani futhi i- ukumaketha kwemikhiqizo yakho, amasevisi noma izinto. Ukuze ngale ndlela, sibe sesimweni esingcono sokufinyelela emnyombweni wendaba, okugcina kuyikho okubandakanyekile kuleli cala.
Amakilasi Wephrofayili Yebhizinisi
Vele, ezinye zazo empeleni zizobajwayela kakhulu, kepha ezinye okungenzeka ubungazazi kuze kube manje. Kunoma ikuphi, yisikhathi sokuphuma kokungabaza kulesi sici esithinta kakhulu okubizwa ngokuthi ukuhweba noma isitolo esiku-inthanethi.
I-B2B (Ibhizinisi-kuya-Business): izinkampani ezinamakhasimende ekugcineni ezinye izinkampani noma izinhlangano. Isibonelo kungaba isitolo sezinto zokwakha esibhekise kubaklami bangaphakathi noma abakhi.
I-B2C (Ibhizinisi-kuya-Kumthengi): izinkampani ezithengisa ngqo kubathengi bokugcina bomkhiqizo noma kwensizakalo. Kuyinto evame kakhulu futhi kunezinkulungwane zezibonelo zezitolo zemfashini, izicathulo, izinto zikagesi, njll.
I-C2B (Umthengi-kuya-Ibhizinisi): izingosi lapho abathengi bashicilela khona umkhiqizo noma insizakalo futhi izinkampani zibhide ngazo. Yizindawo zakudala zemisebenzi yokuzimela efana neFreelancer, iTwago, iNubelo noma i-Adtriboo.
I-C2C (Umthengi oya kumthengi): inkampani eyenza ukuthengiswa kwemikhiqizo kusuka kwabanye abathengi iye kwabanye. Isibonelo esisobala kuzoba yi-eBay, iWallapop noma enye ingosi yokuthengisa esezingeni lesibili.
Okunye ukuhlukaniswa okungasebenza kakhulu
Kunoma ikuphi, kuneminye imiqondo exhunywe kulokho ukuhweba nge-elekthronikhi nokuthi kufanele wazi kusuka manje. Yize bengaziwa kangako emkhakheni nokuthi empeleni yibo esizokudalula kuwe ngezansi:
- I-G2C (I-Goverment-to-Consumer).
- I-C2G (Umthengi oya kuGoverment).
- B2E (IBusiness-to-Employer).
Okuthile okukhombisa ukuthi ukuhweba nge-elekthronikhi kuya kude kakhulu nomqondo wendabuko wegama. Futhi lokho kungathinta umzuzu wokuzinikela kwakho kulo msebenzi webhizinisi okhethekile. Ngoba kufanele kubhekwe leyo mali engenayo i-e-commerce boom exhumene kakhulu nokukhula kobuchwepheshe obusha.
Izinzuzo zokwenza ibhizinisi noma isitolo sedijithali
Okokuqala, kufanele uhlole ukuthi kungale fomethi yebhizinisi lapho uzokwazi khona ukuthola amakhasimende amaningi kusuka manje. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi unenketho yangempela yokuthenga nokuthengisa kusuka noma yikuphi emhlabeni.
Esinye isici esichaza lo mqondo sixhunyaniswe nokuntuleka kwamahora esitolo sakho ngoba kuzovulwa usuku lonke. Ukuze ngale ndlela, ikhasimende likwazi ukuyithenga lapho lifuna nangesikhathi esifunwayo.
Okunye ukunikela kwakhe okuyigugu kakhulu yirekhodi eliphansi lalo msebenzi wokuhweba ngoba kufanele ucabange ukuthi ibhizinisi lalezi zici alidingi ukuxhaswa ngokwenyama, okuyilokho ekugcineni kwehlisa izindleko uma kuqhathaniswa nebhizinisi lendabuko.
Imikhawulo yenzuzo enhle kakhulu ingenye inani elengeziwe kulolu hlobo lwebhizinisi ngoba ungaba nenzuzo ephezulu kunokusungulwa kwendabuko. Akumangalisi ukuthi konke kuyingxenye yokuthi uthengisa kakhulu kunezinhlelo zendabuko ekuthengiseni.
Okubi ekusebenziseni kwayo
Njengoba kunengqondo kuzo zonke izinhlobo zebhizinisi kunochungechunge lwezinto ezibhekwayo ezingeke zivune izintshisekelo zakho njengosomabhizinisi emkhakheni. Isibonelo, lezo esiziveze ngezansi:
Imikhiqizo ayikwazi ukubonwa noma ukuthintwa ngamakhasimende noma abasebenzisi futhi kuyingozi engakhawulela ukusebenza kwebhizinisi eliku-inthanethi kusukela ekuqaleni. Ungalungisa le nkinga onayo esitolo sakho esiku-inthanethi kuphela ngokusebenzisa incazelo eningiliziwe yomkhiqizo.
Vele kusobala kepha ukuze ukwazi ukuthenga nokuthengisa udinga idivayisi ekulungele. Kuleli qophelo iningi ebelingakwenza kodwa emikhakheni ethile, lapho izithameli ezihlosiwe zindala noma zingaphansi "kwezobuchwepheshe", lokhu kungaba yinkinga. Kumele ukubhekele kusukela manje kuqhubeke uma ufuna ukuhambisa le nqubo ngeziqinisekiso eziningi zempumelelo.
Lapho ibhizinisi lomzimba livula iminyango yalo okokuqala, selivele liyaziveza kumakhasimende adlula ngendlela. Ebhizinisini eliku-inthanethi, ukuthola ukubonakala kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kunokucatshangwa ngokujwayelekile. Ungaba nomkhiqizo omuhle neplatifomu enhle, kepha uma ungasebenzi ukuthola ukubonakala, akekho oyoke akubone.
Ungangabazi ukuthi kusukela manje ukuncintisana emkhakheni we-inthanethi kuya ngokuya kusolwa futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi ukwazise ukubeka elinye ikhambi emsebenzini webhizinisi.
Futhi ubunzima bezobuchwepheshe bungakwenza udlale iqhinga njengamanje. Kulokhu, akunakukhohlwa ukuthi i-e-commerce idinga ulwazi oluncane lobuchwepheshe okungewona wonke umuntu onalo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi uqoqe iminikelo esuselwa ekufundeni okukhulu kwemvelo.
Khuphuka kwi-eCommerce ngonyaka odlule
Ingeniso yezentengiselwano ye-elekthronikhi noma i-eCommerce eSpain ifinyelele isibalo serekhodi lama-euro ayizigidi eziyi-2019 kwikota yesibili ye-11.999, ingu-28,6% ngaphezulu ukuthi ama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-9.333 awangena esikhathini esifanayo sonyaka odlule, ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva enikezwe yiKhomishini Kazwelonke Yezimakethe Nezokuncintisana (i-CNMC). Uma kuqhathaniswa nekota edlule, ukuthengiswa kwe-e-commerce kukhuphuke ngo-9,4%, njengoba inzuzo yayo phakathi kukaJanuwari noMashi wangonyaka odlule ifinyelele kuma-euro ayizigidi eziyi-10.969.
Ngokwemikhakha, izimboni ezinemali engenayo ephezulu kwakuyizinhlangano zezokuvakasha kanye nabasebenza ngezokuvakasha, ngo-16% wokukhokhiswa okuphelele; ukuthuthwa komoya, ngo-8,8%; amahhotela nendawo yokuhlala efanayo, eno-5,8%, nezingubo, ngo-5,6%. Ngokwengxenye yayo, inani lemisebenzi ebhaliswe kwikota yesibili yonyaka we-2019 lifinyelele ukuthengiselana okuyizigidi ezingama-211,3, okukhombisa ukukhuphuka kwama-32,7% uma kuqhathaniswa nezigidi eziyi-159,2 esikhathini esifanayo sonyaka odlule.
Kulesi simo, ezokuthutha zabagibeli nokugembula nokubheja kuhola izinga ngokuthengisa, nge-7,5% no-5,9% wenani, ngokulandelana. Lokhu kulandelwa ukuthengiswa kwamarekhodi, izincwadi, amaphephandaba nezinto zokubhala ngo-5,8% nemisebenzi ephathelene nezokuthutha eno-5,1%. Mayelana nokuhlukaniswa kwendawo, amakhasi e-commerce e-Spain aqoqe imali engama-53,4% engxenyeni yesibili yonyaka we-2019, okuyi-21,8% yayo evela phesheya, kanti i-46,6% okusele bekuhambisana nokuthengwa okuvela eSpain kusuka kumawebhusayithi aphesheya. Ngenani lokuthengiselana, ukuthengisa okungu-42,1% kubhalisiwe kumawebhusayithi aseSpain, okuyi-9,3% yawo avela ngaphandle kwezwe, kanti amanye ama-57,9% enzekwe kumawebhusayithi angaphandle.
Khulisa ku-eCommerce: ngase-EU nase-United States
Ngokufanayo, idatha ye-CNMC ifaka ini 95,2% wokuthenga okuvela eSpain phesheya kubhekiswe kwi-European Union, kulandele i-United States (2,1%), kube yizindiza (11,6%), amahhotela nezindawo zokuhlala ezifanayo nezingubo (7,4% kuzimo zombili) imikhakha efunwa kakhulu. Endabeni yokuthengwa okwenziwe eSpain kusuka phesheya, ama-64,0% avela ku-EU. Izindawo zomsebenzi ezihlobene nomkhakha wezokuvakasha (ezihlanganisa ama-ejensi wokuhamba, ezokuthutha ngomoya, ezokuhamba emhlabeni, eziqashisa ngezimoto kanye namahhotela) zibalwa ngokuthengwa okungama-66,8%.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imali engenayo ye-e-commerce ngaphakathi eSpain inyuke ngama-22,3% unyaka nonyaka phakathi kuka-Ephreli noJuni, yaya kuma-euro ayizigidi ezingama-3.791. Umkhakha wezokuvakasha wenza ama-27,8% wemali engenayo ngaphakathi kweSpain, elandelwa yi-Public Administration, izintela kanye nokuPhepha Komphakathi (6,5%).