Ngenxa yobuchwepheshe obusha bolwazi, njenge-intanethi, insiza okungenzeka imele ukuthuthuka okukhulu kwekhulu lama-XNUMX, namuhla zonke izinhlobo zezinsimbi zingasetshenziswa ukuvula indlela emkhakheni wokuncintisana wamabhizinisi azimele.
Mayelana nalokhu, enye yezinketho ebezikhuphukile eminyakeni yamuva nje i-crowfunding, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-crowdfunding noma i-crowdfunding.
Njengoba nje igama lingaphakamisa, I-Crowfunding empeleni iyipulatifomu ongasesha noma ucele ukusebenzisana ukwenza futhi uxhase amaphrojekthi wazo zonke izinhlobo.
Ngamagama alula, ukuqoqwa kwezimali okuhlangene kuyindlela ekuvumela ukuthi ucele usizo lwabanye abantu, izinkampani, izinhlangano noma izikhungo, okusho ukuthi, noma ngubani onentshisekelo yokwenza umnikelo, ukubolekwa noma isikweletu ukuze ukwazi ukufeza umqondo onawo esandleni kodwa ongakwazanga ukuzala ngenxa yokushoda kwezimali nezinto ezibonakalayo.
Umlando we-Crowfunding
Empeleni i-crowfunding yindlela ebuyela emuva eminyakeni embalwa, ngisho nangaphambi kokungena kwekhulu elisha. Kodwa-ke, ngoba ukufinyelela kwi-inthanethi sekuhambe umhlaba eminyakeni yamuva, Kungaleso sikhathi lapho sikwazile ukufunda ngenani elikhulu lezinsizakusebenza nezinsimbi esingazifinyelela ngokuchofoza okulula, isimo empeleni esibuye sandisa ukusetshenziswa kwezimali ezihlangene, ipulatifomu elandela umsuka wayo kusukela ngo-1997 , lapho i- Iqembu lamatshe laseBrithani elaziwa ngokuthi iMarillon lisebenzise le ndlela ukuze likhokhele ukuvakasha kwabo e-US.
Kusukela lapho, nge ukusheshisa ukukhula kwe-inthanethi, i-crowfunding nayo ibikhula ngokunokwenzeka, njengoba abantu abaningi befunda ngayo indlela yezimali yamaphrojekthi nemibono yakho. Empeleni, ngokusho kocwaningo olwenziwe ngokubambisana neComplutense University of Madrid ukuthola umbiko wonyaka we-2016, eSpain kuphela, i-crowfunding ikwazile ukukhulisa inani elingaphezulu kwama-euro ayizigidi eziyi-113 ngokusebenzisa amapulatifomu alo ahlukahlukene, okwakumele ukwanda ngo-116% uma kuqhathaniswa nalokho okwakuqoqwe ngo-2015.
Isebenza kanjani i-Crowfunding?
Njengoba kuyindlela yokubuyisa imali, ngamagama alula, i-crowfunding isebenza ikakhulukazi kubalingisi ababili ababalulekile: usomabhizinisi odinga izinsizakusebenza, kanye nomtshali-zimali omncane ozimisele ukubanikeza ngenhloso yokugcina yokuthola umvuzo othile esikhathini esizayo esingekude kakhulu.
Lokho wukuthi, sikhuluma ngengxenyekazi lapho bobabili ababambiqhaza bengasizana khona. Vele, inzuzo engatholwa njengomtshalizimali omncane wala mabhizinisi izohlala incike enanini lomnikelo ohlinzekiwe, kusukela lapho kwenziwa idiphozi encane yezomnotho, ezimweni eziningi isampula yomkhiqizo oxhaswe ngemali noma ama-athikili, njengamanye isikibha sokuphromotha.
Izinyathelo okufanele uzilandele ukuthola imali yalolu hlobo yilezi ezilandelayo:
1.- Kushicilelwa emsamo: Yilapho ingqikithi yalokho ofuna ukukuthuthukisa itholakala ngokuyisisekelo, ngoba oshicilelweni uzokhombisa ukuthi iyiphi iphrojekthi yakho, inani olidingayo ukuze ulenze ukuze ufeze, uhlelo okufanele uluthuthukise futhi ekugcineni, inzuzo noma imiklomelo ohlela ukuyinikeza abantu abanikela ngemali enjongweni yakho; kunjalo, inzuzo abazoyithola kumele ilingane nenani abanikele ngalo.
2.- Ukwehlukaniswa kwephrojekthi nenqubo yokuqoqa: Kuleli qophelo lapho kuzodingeka ukuthi sithuthukise umqondo wethu kubantu abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka, ngaleyo ndlela sisebenzise zonke izindlela esinazo ukuze iphrojekthi yethu ifinyelele ezindlebeni zanoma ngubani ongaba nentshisekelo, ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezicelo namakhasi ezenhlalo, njenge-Facebook noma i-Twitter ukukhankasela iphrojekthi yethu. Lokhu kubalulekile ngoba kule ngxenye yenqubo lapho sizoba nesikhathi esithile sokukhulisa imali edingekayo.
3.- Imali etholakele
Lapho umnqamulajuqu wokukhulisa imali oyicelile usuphelile, kuya ngohlobo lwezezimali olubhalisiwe, kungaba yingqikithi yalokho obekuceliwe noma ingxenye ephakanyiselwe thina ukuqala iphrojekthi izotholwa. Lokhu kuncike ekutheni ngabe ukucelwa kwesimo esithi “Konke noma akukho” kuceliwe, lapho kudingeka khona ukuthi kutholakale imali engu-100% yenhlokodolobha, uma kungenjalo, lokho okuqoqiwe kuzomane kubuyele kuma-akhawunti wabatshalizimali. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma indlela "Yonke into ibalulekile" ibhalisiwe, lapho-ke singakusebenzisa lokho okuqoqiwe kuze kube usuku lokuphelelwa yisikhathi.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zamaphrojekthi ezifanele ukuxhaswa ngezimali ze-crowfunding?
Ukuguquguquka kwalokhu uhlobo lokuxhaswa ngezimali okukhulu, ivumela ukuthi noma imuphi umqondo onawo engqondweni, ungaba umuntu ozimisele ukuthola izimali ezizovumela ukwenziwa kwaso ekugcineni kube ngokoqobo.
Ngale ndlela, singangena kunoma yiliphi ibhizinisi, umkhiqizo noma insizakalo efika engqondweni, lapho sibona khona amandla angazange asetshenziswe noma angaba usizo olukhulu kubantu. Mayelana nalokhu, njengamanje siyabona zonke izinhlobo zokusungulwa ezihlongozwayo ekubambeni imali, ezingahluka kakhulu njengoba zivela emikhakheni ehlukene, njengamabhulogi, amaphephandaba, umculo, i-cinema, izinto ezisunguliwe, izicelo zezingcingo, imidlalo yevidiyo, njll.
Noma kunjalo, singakusho lokho I-Crowfunding iyipulatifomu ekahle yosomabhizinisi bakusasa bemvelaphi engaziwa, lapho kungavela khona abasunguli abakhulu bakusasa.
Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-crowfunding ezisebenza namuhla?
Kuya ngalokho esikucabangayo, singakhetha izinhlobo ezahlukene zezimali, phakathi kwalokhu sinokulandelayo:
- Ukubuyiselwa kwemali Kwebhizinisi: Kuqukethe ukufuna imali yokusungulwa, kungaba ibhizinisi noma inkampani. Lokhu kuyindlela enhle yokugwema imali mboleko ebizayo evame ukucelwa emabhange.
- Ukubambisana kwemali okuqinile: Le nketho isetshenziselwa ukuqoqa imali ngezizathu zokusiza noma izinhlangano ezinikezela ngezinsizakalo zenhlalo, njengama-NGO, izibhedlela noma izinhlangano ezahlukahlukene zosizo.
- I-crowfunding yomculo: Le nketho inhle kakhulu ekuxhaseni ngemali amaqembu asafufusa noma abaculi, abadinga ukwesekwa kokukhiqizwa kwe-CD noma isiqeshana sevidiyo esingawaholela enkingeni.
- Ukubuyiselwa kwemali komuntu siqu: Lolu hlobo lwezezimali lwenzeka lapho iqembu labantu lihlangana ndawonye ukulekelelana ekwenzeni imisebenzi yokuzijabulisa njengohambo namaphathi, ngoba wonke umuntu uyabambisana njengoba ngamunye enezinhlelo zosuku oluthile. Ilungele abantu abasendleleni futhi abanenkinga yokonga okokuzilibazisa.
Yiziphi izinzuzo nezinkinga mayelana nokubuyiselwa kwemali kwabantu abaningi?
Lolu hlobo lwezezimali lunezinzuzo eziningi lapho ungathola khona amathuba amahle kakhulu. Phakathi kokuvelele okungashiwo, yi ukunqwabelana okukhulu kwemali engakhuliswa ngesikhathi esifushane sibonga ukukhushulwa okunembile noma ukwethulwa kwephrojekthi okufiswa kuyo ukwesekwa.
Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba akuxhomekile kumuntu oyedwa onokholo emcabangweni wakho, kepha ngezinkundla ezahlukahlukene ezikhona zokuthola imali eningi, umuntu angafinyelela cishe kunoma ngubani ozimisele ukutshala imali ebhizinisini elincane.
Abasebenzisi banamuhla abangena kwi-Intanethi bangabantu abakhulu kakhulu abapheqa zonke izinhlobo zamakhasi abafuna imikhiqizo nezinsizakalo ezintsha.
Lokho iqiniso langempela emphakathini ukubuyisa imali Kuthola ithuba elihle lokuqhubeka nokukhula futhi yilokho okwenza kube ngenye yezindlela ezinhle esingavumela ngazo imibono yethu namaphrojekthi ethu lapho singenakho ukwesekwa yizinkampani noma abezindaba ukuze sizikhangise.
Omunye wama-greats izinzuzo kulolu hlobo lwamapulatifomu lokho kungenxa yeminikelo eminingi noma yotshalo-mali olutholwayo, inani lemali elifaka engcupheni iphrojekthi lihlukahlukene kakhulu futhi ngenxa yalokho, ukulahlekelwa akukaze kubulale usomabhizinisi noma abatshalizimali abancane.
Ngaphakathi izici ezingezinhle, kubalulekile ukusho ukuthi lapho utshala imali ekubuyiseleni abantu abaningi, kunzima ukuzama uqinisekise ukuqedwa kwephrojekthi, Yebo, kunezikhathi lapho imibono ethulwa igcina ingagcini noma ifezeke, ngakho-ke kulezi zimo konke ukutshalwa kwezimali okuqoqiwe kulahlekile, kepha njengoba kushiwo ngenhla, uma ungumnali lokhu akudingeki ukuthi kumelele umphumela kabi emnothweni wakho, ngoba inani olilahlekile empeleni lizoba lincane kakhulu ngakho-ke akufanele lithinte izimali zakho.
Ngalesi sizathu kuphakanyiswa ukuthi lapho utshala imali kungxenyekazi ye-crowfunding ungalokothi ufake inani elikhulu kakhulu Ngoba lolu hlobo lwensimbi lwenzelwe ukuthi abantu bakwazi ukufinyelela eminikelweni eminingi bendawonye, ngakho-ke izimpahla zomuntu oyedwa zazingabonakali zisengozini.
Amapulatifomu amakhulu okubuyiselwa kwemali kwabantu
Lapha sabelana ngamanye amapulatifomu amahle kakhulu wokuthola imali ukuze ukwazi ukuthola imali yamaphrojekthi akho.
Ingenye yezingxenyekazi ezinhle kakhulu zokubuyiselwa kwemali emhlabeni, iphayona e-United States. Ihlukaniswe ngamaphrojekthi afana nama-movie, umculo, imidlalo, ukuklama, ubuchwepheshe, phakathi kokunye.
Yipulatifomu okuyiyo yodwa yokuthola imali yabantu abaningi kuyo yonke iLatin America, ebuye ibe khona emazweni ayi-7. Inikeza ukusekelwa okuqondile kosomabhizinisi ngemikhankaso yokuqongelela imali enesilinganiso sezinsuku ezingama-40.
Leli elinye lamapulatifomu amahle kakhulu wokubuyiselwa kwemali kwabantu abaningi. Iyatholakala kunoma iyiphi inkampani noma umuntu ofuna ukuxhaswa ngezimali ngamaphrojekthi ezenhlalo, ezesayensi, amasiko, ezobuchwepheshe, ezemfundo noma ezemvelo.
Kuyipulatifomu yokubuyisa imali eyasungulwa ngonyaka we-2008, nayo engelinye lamasayithi okuqala okunikela ngezimali zokubuyiselwa kwabantu. Ivumela abantu ukuthi bafake izicelo zoxhaso lwembono, isisa, noma ibhizinisi lokuqala. Shaja ikhomishini engu-5% eminikelweni.
Kulokhu, kuyipulatifomu ebaluleke kakhulu yokubuyiselwa kwemali eYurophu, enenkampani esekela eSpain. Yonke imikhankaso enikezwayo ingahunyushelwa ezilimini ezifika kwezingu-8 futhi kuze kube manje, kunamaphrojekthi angaphezu kwama-21.000 axhaswe ngenani elingaphezu kwama-euro ayizigidi ezingama-98.
Le yipulatifomu yokubuyisa imali, ebhekwa njengenye ebaluleke kakhulu eSpain. Le nkundla igxile kakhulu kubadwebi, abaculi, abadali namaqembu. Ababambiqhaza kufanele bahlangabezane nomgomo wezimali ukuze bathole imivuzo.
Kuyisiteji sokubuyiselwa kwemali lapho zonke izinhlobo zamaphrojekthi zamukelwa khona, noma ngabe kungumkhiqizo noma insizakalo, kepha iphrojekthi kufanele ibe nezinhloso ezingokoqobo futhi inikeze okuthile okuyigugu.
Isiphetho
Uma sinombono noma iphrojekthi engqondweni esibona ukuthi inamandla amakhulu kuyo, akusadingeki ukuthi sisebenzise amabhange nemalimboleko yangasese ebizayo ukuthola imali esiyidingayo.
Ukuxhaswa kwemali kufikile njengenketho efanelekile ngoba uma iphrojekthi yethu inamandla kuqinisekile ukuthi singakholisa noma ngubani ukuthi asekele izinhloso zethu, futhi ngakolunye uhlangothi bengatholi imvume edingekayo, kungenzeka ukuthi basisindisa enhlekeleleni yezezimali.
Noma ngabe isimo sinjani, ukubuyiselwa kwemali kwabantu kuhlala lapha futhi kuzohlala kuyithuluzi elihle lokucabanga ukusizakala ngemibono yethu.