Okokuqala, kuya kufuneka uyazi intsingiselo yezi akronim, i-RGPD, kuba iya kuba ibaluleke kakhulu kuphuhliso lwemodeli yeshishini ledijithali. Ewe, iyalingana nento eyiyo ngokukuko kuMmiselo woKhuseleko lweDatha ngokuBanzi (RGPD) kwaye eqale ukusebenza kutshanje. Kwaye ukuba unayo urhwebo okanye ivenkile ekwi-intanethi Kuya kufuneka uthobele umthetho ukuze ungathathi ezinye izinto ezingalunganga ukususela ngoku ukuya phambili.
Ngaba kufuneka ndenze into yokutshintsha ivenkile yam okanye ishishini kwi-GDPR? Ngale ndlela, kuya kufuneka uyazi ukuba i-RGPD ngummiselo owamkelweyo kwinqanaba le-European Union kwaye injongo yayo kukuqinisekisa ukukhuselwa kweenkcukacha zakho.
Ukusukela ngoku, zonke iinkampani kuya kufuneka zenze ukuba zifumaneke kwiwebhusayithi yazo uMgaqo-nkqubo wabucala ochaza ukuba banjani ukunyanga idatha Ezinabathengi, abahlobo, abasebenzi okanye abanomdla wokufumana ulwazi lwentengiso.
Imigaqo-siseko emitsha ibandakanyiwe kwi-RGPD
Kumgaqo okhoyo ngoku wokukhuselwa kwedatha kwinqanaba laseYurophu, iimeko ezintsha zicingelwa abanini beshishini ledijithali. Kwaye phakathi kwezi zinto zilandelayo sikubhengeza apha ngezantsi. Apho kufuneka khona ukuba uthathele ingqalelo ukuba iPalamente yaseYurophu kunye neBhunga bagqibile ukuwamkela uMmiselo woKhuseleko lweDatha Jikelele (RGPD), wona, onqwenela ukumanya oorhulumente kuwo onke amazwe angamaLungu ngalo mbandela, sele eqale ukusebenza ngoMeyi 25, 2016, nangona ukuthotyelwa kwawo kuya kuba sisinyanzelo emva kweminyaka emibini ukusukela kuloo mhla.
Umgaqo woxanduva. Kuya kufuneka kwenziwe iindlela zokungqina ukuba onke amanyathelo afanelekileyo amkelwe ukuqhubekekisa idatha yobuqu njengoko kufuneka ngokwesiqhelo. Luxanduva olusebenzayo. Imibutho kufuneka ikwazi ukubonisa ukuba iyazifezekisa ezi mfuno, eziya kufuna ukwenziwa kwemigaqo-nkqubo, iinkqubo, ulawulo, njl.
Imigaqo yokukhusela idatha ngokungagqibekanga kunye noyilo. Ngeli thuba, amanyathelo kufuneka amkelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa komgangatho ukusuka mzuzu inkampani, imveliso, inkonzo okanye umsebenzi obandakanya ukwenziwa kwedatha uyile, njengomthetho nakwimvelaphi.
Umgaqo wokusebenza elubala. Izaziso zomthetho kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yabucala kufuneka ibe lula kwaye ichaze ngakumbi, ukuququzelela ukuqonda kwabo, kunye nokugqibezela ngakumbi. Kukwabonwa kwangaphambili ukuba, ukwazisa malunga nonyango lweedatha, ii-icon ezisemgangathweni zinokusetyenziswa.
Izibophelelo ezintsha kwiinkampani zedijithali
Ngamaxesha athile, kuyanyanzeleka ukuba kuchongwe iGosa loKhuseleko lweDatha (iDPO), ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle, ukunceda imibutho kwinkqubo ukuthotyelwa kwesiqhelo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuntsokotha komgangatho omtsha kuyakwenza ukuba eli nani licetyiswe kakhulu kuninzi lwemibutho.
Kwiimeko ezithile, uvavanyo lwempembelelo yabucala kufuneka lwenziwe, oluya kuthi ekugqibeleni luchaze umngcipheko othile obandakanyekayo ekusetyenzisweni kwedatha ethile kunye nokujonga kwangaphambili amanyathelo okunciphisa okanye okususa umngcipheko ochaziweyo.
Iinkampani zamazwe aphesheya ziya kuthi zingene nomngeneleli omnye kugunyaziwe olawulayo welizwe: lelo leziko eliphambili leziko. Yinto eyaziwayo njengefestile enye.
Ukophula umthetho kwezokhuseleko kufuneka kwaziswe abasemagunyeni kulawulo kwaye, kwiimeko ezinzima, kwabo bachaphazelekayo, kwakamsinya nje ukuba baziwa, ukuseka ixesha elininzi leeyure ezingama-72.
Idatha ebuthathakaIdatha ekhuselweyo ngokukodwa iyandiswa, ngoku kubandakanya idatha yemfuza kunye neyebhayometri. Amatyala olwaphulo-mthetho kunye nokugwetywa kufakiwe kolu luhlu, nangona ingezizo ezolawulo.
Ukukhethwa komntu ophethe unyango kunzima, kuba kuya kufuneka ukhethe enye enika iziqinisekiso ezaneleyo zokuthotyelwa komthetho.
Iziqinisekiso ezongezelelweyo zokuthiwa kukudluliselwa kwedatha yamanye amazwe: ngokusekwa kweziqinisekiso ezingqongqo kunye neendlela zokubeka iliso ngokunxulumene nokudluliswa kwedatha yamanye amazwe ngaphandle kwe-European Union.
Izitywina kunye nezatifikethi: kulindeleke ukuba kutywinwe kunye nokuqinisekiswa kokuthotyelwa okuvumela ukuqinisekiswa koXanduva lokuphendula yimibutho.
Isibophelelo sokubhalisa iifayile siyanyamalala, endaweni yolawulo lwangaphakathi kwaye, kwezinye iimeko, uluhlu lweenkqubo zokwenza idatha ezenziwayo, ezinokuthi zibonwe njengomxholo ofanayo nalowo uqulethwe kwifom ngoku umbuzo.
Izithintelo: izixa zezohlwayo zokwaphula umthetho ziyakhula, zifikelela kwizigidi ezingama-20 zeerandi okanye iipesenti ezi-4 zengeniso yonyaka yehlabathi (engafakwanga kwisigwebo soLawulo loLuntu, nangona amazwe angamaLungu angavuma ukwenza njalo).
Amalungelo amatsha anikezelwa ngummiselo
Ukungafihlisi kunye nolwazi. Imibutho, xa kusetyenzwa ngedatha yobuqu, kufuneka inikezele ngolwazi oluthe kratya kwaye ngendlela eqondakalayo, epheleleyo nelula, eya kuthi ithande ukuthatha izigqibo ngummi. Ingqwalaselo eyodwa inikwa abantwana okwangoku.
Imvume. Imvume yokubanakho ukucubungula idatha yobuqu kufuneka ingangqinelani, ikhululeke kwaye ibuyiselwe kwaye kufuneka inikezwe ngendlela ecacileyo yokuvuma. Imvume ye-Tacit ayivunyelwe.
Ilungelo lokulibaleka. Imvume enikiweyo yokulungiswa kwedatha yobuqu inokurhoxiswa nangaliphi na ixesha, ukubanakho ukucela ukususwa kunye nokususwa kwedatha kuthungelwano lwentlalo okanye iinjini zokukhangela kwi-intanethi.
Ilungelo lokusikelwa umda kunyango ekuthethwa ngalo. Ivumela ummi ukuba acele ukuthintelwa okwethutyana kokuqhubekeka kwedatha yabo xa kukho iimpikiswano malunga nokuba semthethweni kwayo.
Ukuphatheka kwedatha. Ummi uya kuvunyelwa ukuba acele ukudluliswa kwedatha yobuqu esuka komnye umniki-nkonzo we-Intanethi aye komnye.
Izikhalazo. Izikhalazo zinokufakwa kwimibutho yabasebenzisi.
Imbuyekezo kunye nezohlwayo ngenxa yokungathobeli. Kunakanwa ukubakho kwembuyekezo yomonakalo ovela kunyango olungekho mthethweni lwedatha yobuqu.
Umntu onoxanduva lwefayile unokumisela umrhumo wokuphendula ukusetyenziswa kwelungelo lokufikelela, kuthathelwa ingqalelo iindleko zolawulo ezibandakanya oku.
Ukuqwalaselwa kwisicelo sayo esichanekileyo
Ngaphandle koku kuchazwe ngasentla, kusekho izinto ezininzi ezisalindelwe kuphuhliso kunye nekhonkrithi echazwe kulo mmiselo. Ngale ndlela, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba amazwe angamaLungu, abasemagunyeni kulawulo, iKomiti yoKhuseleko lweDatha yaseYurophu kunye neKhomishini kufuneka ichaze ubuninzi bezinto ezivela kwi-RGPD ezingacacanga okanye ezingacacanga.
Ngayiphi na imeko, izibonelelo eziqulathwe kule Migaqo zisebenza ngokuthe ngqo kwiLizwe ngalinye lamaLungu, ngaphandle kwesidingo sokutshintsha, kwaye inyanzela iinkampani zabucala kunye namaziko oluntu ukuba ajongane nenkqubo ebalulekileyo yokulungiswa kwakhona.
Nangona kunjalo, i-RGPD ayizitshitshisi ngokuzenzekelayo i-LOPD kunye nemigaqo yayo yokuphumeza. Ihambisa ezi zinto kwinqanaba lokuba zingangqinelani nayo. Kwimimandla apho ukungahambelani okunjalo kungenzeki, yomibini imimiselo iya kuhlala kunye, eyenza ukuba kubonwe iingxaki ezininzi ezibonakalayo kunye nokutolika, ukusonjululwa kwazo okuya kufuna uncedo lweengcali ezikhethekileyo ezibonelela ngeziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo. Ngelixa kwelinye icala, inkqubo yokuphinda uqeqeshwe akukho lula kwezobuchwephesha, ke kuya kuba kubalulekile kwiinkampani ukuba zibe neengcebiso zomthetho ezizodwa ezibonelela ngeziqinisekiso ezifanelekileyo.
Fumana inkonzo yokukhusela idatha
Indlela elungileyo yokufumana inkonzo yokukhusela idatha kukubuza iikowuti kwi Umbutho weeNkampani eziKhusela iiNkcukacha (AEPD.org). Ngale ndlela, i-AEPD.org inokutshintsha okusemthethweni phakathi kweenkampani ezinxulumene nayo. Ukusebenza kwayo kulula: Kuya kufuneka ucele uhlahlo-lwabiwo mali ku-AEPD.org kwaye lo mbutho uwusasaze phakathi kwabahlobo, uzama ukuqinisekisa ukuba umthengi wokugqibela ufumana iingcebiso ezilungileyo.
Ukuba awuyi ku-AEPD.org, ekuphela kwendlela yokufumana iikowuti kukuya nganye nganye kwiiwebhusayithi zeenkampani zokukhusela idatha. Le nkqubo icotha, kodwa iyasebenza. Kwiiveki ezizayo siza kwenza kwaye sipapashe uluhlu lweenkampani ze-LOPD, ukwenza lo msebenzi ubelula. Okwangoku, mhlawumbi olona khetho lulungileyo kukuya kuMbutho weeNkampani eziKhusela iiNkcukacha.
Izigqibo zokugqibela
Imvume kufuneka inikezwe ngesenzo esicacileyo sokuvuma esibonisa inkululeko, ethe ngqo, enolwazi, kunye nokungathandabuzeki kokubonakaliswa kweqela elinomdla lokwamkela ukucwangciswa kwedatha yobuqu malunga naye, njengengxelo ebhaliweyo, kubandakanya neendlela ze-elektroniki, okanye ingxelo ngomlomo .
Oku kunokubandakanya ukukhangela ibhokisi kwiwebhusayithi ekwi-intanethi, ukukhetha iiparameter zobugcisa bokusetyenziswa kweenkonzo zoluntu, okanye nayiphi na enye ingxelo okanye isimilo esibonisa ngokucacileyo kule meko ukuba umntu onomdla uyalwamkela unyango olucetywayo lolwazi lomntu. Ke ngoko, ukuthula, iibhokisi ezihloliweyo okanye ukungasebenzi akufuneki kuyenze imvume.
Imvume kufuneka inikezwe ngayo yonke imisebenzi eyenziwayo eyenziwayo ngeenjongo ezifanayo okanye ezifanayo. Xa unyango luneenjongo ezininzi, imvume kufuneka inikwe zonke. Ukuba imvume yeqela elinomdla kufuneka inikezwe ngenxa yesicelo esenziwe ngendlela ye-elektroniki, isicelo kufuneka sicace, sibethe ngqo kwaye singaphazamisi ngokungeyomfuneko ukusetyenziswa kwenkonzo ebonelelweyo.