Ngombulelo kubuchwephesha bolwazi obutsha, obufana ne-intanethi, isibonelelo esimele ukuba sihambele phambili ngenkulungwane yama-XNUMX, namhlanje zonke iintlobo zezixhobo zingasetyenziselwa ukuvula indlela kwicandelo lokhuphiswano lwamashishini azimeleyo.
Kule meko, enye yeenketho esele inyukile kule minyaka idlulileyo yile crowfunding, ikwabizwa ngokuba kukuphindaphinda okanye ukubuyisa imali.
Kanye njengoko igama lisenokucebisa, Inkxaso mali eninzi liqonga apho unokukhangela okanye ucele intsebenziswano yokwenza kunye nokuxhasa iiprojekthi ngazo zonke iintlobo.
Ngamagama alula, imali edityanelweyo yindlela ekuvumela ukuba ucele uncedo lwabanye abantu, iinkampani, imibutho okanye amaziko, oko kukuthi, nabani na onokuba nomdla wokwenza umnikelo, mboleko okanye ikhredithi ukuze uqhubeke. umbono onawo esandleni kodwa ongakwazanga ukuzala ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemali kunye nezinto eziphathekayo.
Imbali yeNkxaso-mali
Ngokwenene crowfunding yindlela ebuyela emva kwiminyaka embalwa, kwanangaphambi kokungena kwenkulungwane entsha. Nangona kunjalo, kuba ukufikelela kwi-intanethi uye kwihlabathi jikelele kwiminyaka yakutshanje, Kuxa sikwazile ukufunda malunga nenani elikhulu lezixhobo kunye nezixhobo esinokufikelela kuzo ngonqakrazo olulula, imeko leyo iye yazisa ukusetyenziswa kwemali ngokudibeneyo, iqonga elilanda imvelaphi yayo ukusukela ngo-1997. , xa Iqela laseBritane elaziwa njengeMarillon lisebenzise le ndlela ukuxhasa ngezemali ukhenketho lwabo lwaseMelika.
Ukusukela ngoko, nge ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwe-intanethi, Inkxaso mali ibuye yanda, njengoko abantu abaninzi befunda ngayo indlela yezemali yeeprojekthi kunye nemibono yakho. Ngapha koko, ngokophando olwenziwe ngokubambisana neYunivesithi yaseComplutense yaseMadrid yengxelo yonyaka ye-2016, kuphela eSpain, Inkcitho yokubambisa ikwazile ukuphakamisa isixa esingaphezulu kwe-113 yezigidi zeerandi kumaqonga ayo ahlukeneyo, eyayimele ukwanda nge-116% xa kuthelekiswa noko kwaqokelelwa ngo-2015.
Isebenza njani imali yokubuyisa imali?
Njengoko yindlela yokubuyisa imali, ngamagama alula, Inkxaso mali eninzi isebenza ikakhulu kubadlali ababini abalulekileyo: usomashishini odinga izixhobo, kunye notyalomali oluncinci ozimisele ukubabonelela ngeyona njongo iphambili yokufumana umvuzo othile kwikamva elingekude kakhulu.
Oko kukuthi, sithetha ngeqonga apho bobabini abathathi-nxaxheba banokuncedana. Ewe inzuzo enokufunyanwa njengotyalomali oluncinci kula mashishini iyakuhlala ixhomekeke kubungakanani begalelo elinikiweyo, ukusukela xa kusenziwa idiphozithi encinci kwezoqoqosho, amaxesha amaninzi isampulu yemveliso exhaswa ngemali okanye amanqaku, anje Isikipa sokukhuthaza.
Amanyathelo ekufuneka elandelwe ukufumana inkxaso-mali yolu hlobo ngala alandelayo:
1.- Upapasho lwenziwa eqongeni: Kulapha ke apho eyona nto ufuna ukuyiphuhlisa ibekwe, kuba kupapasho uyakubonisa ukuba yeyiphi iprojekthi, isixa osidingayo ukuze uqokelele ukuyenza, isicwangciso ekufuneka usiphuhlisile kwaye ekugqibeleni, inzuzo okanye umvuzo oceba ukuwunika abantu abafaka imali kwinjongo yakho; Ewe, isibonelelo abaya kusifumana kufuneka silingane nesixa-mali abanaso.
2.- Ukwahluka kweprojekthi kunye nenkqubo yokuqokelela: Kukweli nqanaba apho kuya kufuneka siphakamise umbono wethu kubantu abaninzi kangangoko sinakho, ngaloo ndlela sisebenzise zonke iindlela esinazo ukuze iprojekthi yethu ifikelele ezindlebeni zawo nawuphina umntu onomdla, kungoko kubalulekile ukuba senze Ukusetyenziswa kwezicelo kunye namaphepha ezentlalo, anje nge-Facebook okanye i-Twitter ukukhankasela iprojekthi yethu. Oku kubalulekile kuba kule nxalenye yenkqubo apho siza kuba nexesha elithile lokunyusa imali eyimfuneko.
3.- Inkxaso-mali ifunyenwe
Wakuba ugqityiwe umhla wokugqibela wokunyusa imali oyicelileyo, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwemali ebhalisiweyo, isimbuku soko bekuceliwe okanye inxenye ethe yaphakanyiswa ukuze siqalise iprojekthi iyakufunyanwa. Oku kuxhomekeke ekubeni ingaba "Konke okanye akukho kwanto" indlela yokuziphatha iceliwe, apho kuye kufuneke ukuba kunyuswe i-100% yenkunzi, kungenjalo, oko kuqokelelweyo kuya kubuyela kwiakhawunti yabatyali mali. Kwelinye icala, ukuba isimilo "Yonke into ibalulekile" ibhalisiwe, emva koko singasebenzisa oko kuqokelelwe kude kube ngumhla wokuphelelwa.
Zeziphi iintlobo zeeprojekthi ezifanelekileyo ukufumana inkxaso mali yenkxaso mali?
Ukuguquguquka koku uhlobo lwenkxaso mali, ivumela ukuba phantse naluphi na uluvo onalo engqondweni, inokuba ngumgqatswa onobuzaza wokufumana iimali eziya kuthi zivumele ukwenzeka kwayo ukuba ekugqibeleni kube yinyani.
Ngale ndlela, singangena kulo naliphi na ishishini, imveliso okanye inkonzo ethi qatha engqondweni, apho sibona isakhono esingasetyenziswanga okanye esinokuba luncedo olukhulu ebantwini. Kule meko, sinokubona okwangoku Zonke iintlobo zezinto ezenziweyo ezicetywayo kwimali yokufumana imali, ezinokwahluka kakhulu njengoko zivela kumacandelo ahlukeneyo, njengeeblogi, amaphephandaba, umculo, i-cinema, izixhobo, iifowuni, imidlalo yevidiyo, njl.
Ngapha koko, singatsho Ukufakwa kwemali kwiqonga lelona qonga lifanelekileyo labarhwebi bexesha elizayo elinemvelaphi engaziwayo, ekunokuthi kuvele kuyo abavelisi abakhulu bangomso.
Zeziphi iintlobo zembuyekezo esebenzayo namhlanje?
Kuxhomekeka kwinto esinayo engqondweni, sinokukhetha iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemali, phakathi kwazo sinoku kulandelayo:
- Ukubuyiselwa kwemali kwishishini: Inokubandakanya ukufuna inkxaso-mali yokuseka, nokuba yeyeshishini okanye yinkampani. Olu lukhetho olukhulu lokuthintela iimali mboleko ezibizayo zihlala zicelwa kwiibhanki.
- Umanyano lwenkxaso mali: Olu khetho lusetyenziselwa ukuqokelela imali kwizizathu zesisa okanye imibutho enikezela ngeenkonzo zentlalo, ezinje ngeeNGO, izibhedlele okanye izibonelelo ezahlukeneyo zoncedo.
- Inkxaso mali yomculo: Olu khetho lubalaseleyo ekuxhaseni ngemali amaqela asakhulayo okanye amagcisa, afuna inkxaso kwimveliso yeCD okanye iklip yevidiyo enokuthi ibakhokelele ekubekweni.
- Inkxaso mali yomntu: Olu hlobo lwenkxaso mali lwenzeka xa iqela labantu lidibana ukuze lixhasane ekwenzeni izinto zolonwabo ezinje ngeehambo kunye namaqela, kuba wonke umntu uyasebenzisana njengoko umntu enesicwangciso somhla othile. Ilungele abantu abasendleleni kwaye abanobunzima bokonga into oyithandayo.
Zeziphi izibonelelo kunye nokungalunganga malunga nokubuyiselwa kwemali ngabantu abaninzi?
Olu hlobo lwemali lunezinto ezininzi onokufumana kuzo amathuba amahle kakhulu. Phakathi kwamagqabantshintshi anokuthi akhankanywe, yile ingqokelela enkulu yenkunzi enokuphakanyiswa ngexesha elifutshane Enkosi kunyuselo oluchanekileyo okanye umboniso weprojekthi apho inkxaso ifunwa khona.
Oku kunokwenzeka kuba akuxhomekekanga kumntu omnye onokholo kwimbono yakho, kodwa ngamaqonga awahlukeneyo akhoyo ngokufumana imali, umntu unokufikelela nakubani na ozimisele ukutyala imali kwishishini elincinci.
Abasebenzisi banamhlanje abafikelela kwi-Intanethi ngabantu abakhulu abakhangela zonke iintlobo zamaphepha abafuna iimveliso ezintsha kunye neenkonzo.
Yinyani leyo ekuhlaleni isihlwele Kufumana ithuba elihle lokuqhubeka nokukhula kwaye yiyo loo nto eyenza ukuba ibe yenye yeendlela ezizezinye esinokuthi ngazo siqale izimvo zethu kunye neeprojekthi xa singenayo inkxaso yeenkampani okanye zosasazo zokuzazisa.
Omnye wabakhulu izibonelelo kolu hlobo lwamaqonga Kungenxa yokuba kunikelwe ngamalizo amaninzi okanye kutyalo-mali olufunyenweyo, isixa semali esesichengeni seprojekthi sahlulwe kakhulu kwaye ngenxa yoko, ilahleko azikaze zibulale usomashishini okanye abatyali zimali abancinci.
Ngaphakathi imiba emibi, Kubalulekile ukuba ukhankanye ukuba xa utyala imali kwinginginya yabantu, kunzima ukuzama Qinisekisa ukugqitywa kweprojekthi, Ewe, kukho amaxesha apho izimvo ezibonisiweyo zigqibezela zingagqibi okanye zifezekise, ke kwezi meko lonke utyalo-mali oluqokelelweyo luye lwalahleka, kodwa njengoko kuchaziwe apha ngasentla, ukuba ungumniki mali oku akufuneki ukuba kubonakalise isiphumo kukubi kuqoqosho lwakho, kuba imali oza kuyiphulukana nayo iya kuba ncinci kakhulu ngenxa yoko ayizukuchaphazela iimali zakho.
Ngesi sizathu kucetyiswa ukuba xa utyalomali kwiqonga lokufumana imali ungaze ungene kwisixa esikhulu kakhulu Kungenxa yokuba kanye olu hlobo lwesixhobo lwenziwe ukuze abantu bakwazi ukufikelela kwiminikelo emininzi kunye, kwaye ngenxa yoko iiasethi zomntu omnye zazingazukubonwa emngciphekweni.
Amaqonga aphambili okubuyisa imali
Apha sabelana ngamanye amaqonga okufumana imali ukuze ufumane imali kwiiprojekthi zakho.
Elinye lawona maqonga mahle okufumana imali kwihlabathi, onguvulindlela eMelika. Izikhethele iiprojekthi ezinje ngeemovie, umculo, imidlalo, uyilo, itekhnoloji, phakathi kwabanye.
Yiyo kuphela iqonga lokubuyiselwa kwemali kwingingqi kuyo yonke i-Latin America, ekwanayo nobukho kumazwe ayi-7. Inika inkxaso ngokuthe ngqo koosomashishini ngamaphulo okunyusa ingxowa-mali anamaxesha aphakathi kweentsuku ezingama-40.
Eli lelinye lamaqonga alungileyo okubuyiselwa kwemali ngabantu. Iyafumaneka kuyo nayiphi na inkampani okanye umntu ofuna inkxaso-mali kwezentlalo, kwezenzululwazi, kwezenkcubeko, kwezobuchwephesha, kwezemfundo okanye kwiiprojekthi zendalo.
Yiplatifomu yokubuyisa imali esekwe ngo-2008, ekwayenye yeziza zokuqala ukubonelela ngemali yokubuyisa imali. Ivumela abantu ukuba bafake izicelo zenkxaso-mali yoluvo, isisa, okanye ishishini lokuqalisa. Biza ikhomishini ye-5% kwimirhumo.
Kule meko, liqonga elibaluleke kakhulu ekubuyiseni imali eYurophu, elinenkxaso mali eSpain. Onke amaphulo anikezelweyo anokuguqulelwa ukuya kuthi ga kwiilwimi ezi-8 kwaye ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, ngaphezulu kweeprojekthi ezingama-21.000 ezixhaswe ngexabiso elingaphezulu kwe-98 yezigidi zeerandi.
Eli liqonga lokubuyisa imali, eliqwalaselwa njengeyona nto ibaluleke kakhulu eSpain. Eli qonga lijolise ikakhulu kubayili, amagcisa, abadali kunye namaqela. Abachaphazelekayo kufuneka bahlangabezane nenjongo yenkxaso-mali ukuze bafumane umvuzo.
Yiplatifomu yokubuyiselwa kwemali apho zonke iintlobo zeeprojekthi zamkelwe, nokuba yeyiphi na imveliso okanye inkonzo, nangona kunjalo iprojekthi kufuneka ibe neenjongo ezifanelekileyo kwaye ibonelele ngento enexabiso.
Isiphelo
Ukuba sinengcinga okanye iprojekthi esibona ukuba inokwenzeka kakhulu, akusekho mfuneko yokubhenela kwiibhanki kunye nemali mboleko yabucala ebiza imali eninzi ukufumana inkxaso-mali esiyifunayo.
Inkxaso mali ifikile njengeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo kuba iprojekthi yethu inokubakho Ngokuqinisekileyo siya kuba nakho ukweyisela nabani na ukuba axhase injongo yethu, kwaye kwelinye icala abafumani mvume ifunekayo, mhlawumbi bayasisindisa kwintlekele yezemali ngokuqinisekileyo.
Nokuba yeyiphi na imeko, ukubuyiselwa kwemali kulapha kuhlala kwaye kuya kuhlala kusisixhobo esihle ekuqwalaseleni ukwenza imali kwiingcamango zethu.