Yintoni iAlibaba kwaye isebenza njani

Usebenza njani uAlibaba? Iqela leAlibaba litsala umdla omkhulu kwimithombo yeendaba kunye nezimvo kwimidiya yoluntu emva kokurhoxa owona mboniso mkhulu woluntu kwimbali. I-IPO yayo e-US ihambise i-25 yezigidi zeedola, ithengisa izabelo ezongezelelweyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno.

Ngelixa konke oku kujongeka kukwiAlibaba zininzi iikhonsepthi malunga nokuba zenziwa njani kunye nezinto ezenziwa nguAlibaba ezingacacanga kubantu abaninzi. Ndiza kuzama ukucacisa ezinye zeekhonsepthi zenkampani ezinje yintoni iAlibaba kwaye isebenza njani.

Yintoni u-Alibaba?

IAlibaba ithathwa njenge Umthengisi omkhulu wase China. Inkampani yasekwa ngo-1999 nguJack Ma ngokumiliselwa kwendawo yakhe ye-Ecommerce Alibaba.com. Le ndawo iqhagamshela abathengisi baseTshayina ngayo nantoni na enabathengi be-Intanethi.

Ukusukela oko yaqalwa kwaye ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, iAlibaba iye yanda ngamanye amaqonga ezentengiso afana neTmail kunye neTaobao. Abahlalutyi bezoqoqosho bayachaza Kwisigebenga seTshayina secommerce njengomxube phakathi kweAmazon, i-eBay, iPayPal nakwindawo ethile kuGoogle.

Into ehlekisayo kukuba iAlibaba ayinaye umlingani waseMelika kulawulo lwentengiso encinci, ukuba malunga ne-80% yazo zonke iintengiso zentengiso ezivela kwi-Intanethi zivela kwelo lizwe ngokuchanekileyo. Ukuchaneka ngakumbi, IAlibaba yingqokelela yeenkampani ezithiBasebenza phantsi kweemodeli ezahlukeneyo zeshishini kunye nemithombo eyahlukeneyo yengeniso.

Usebenza njani uAlibaba?

Amashishini amathathu aphambili Iqela leAlibaba licwangcisiwe njengeenkampani ezahlukeneyo, ngendlela yokuba:

Alibaba.com

Lishishini lokuqala lenkampani, ithathwa njengeqonga lezorhwebo elektroniki apho iinkampani zaseTshayina zidibana neenkampani zamanye amazwe ezifuna uluhlu lweempahla okanye abavelisi. Yinto efanayo naleyo yenziwa yiAmazon ngezivumelwano phakathi kwabathengi nabathengisi.

Into enomdla apha kukuba ngokungafaniyo neAmazon, Alibaba.com akanalo uluhlu lwezinto okanye athathe inxaxheba kulungiselelo lwenkqubo njengokugcina, ukuhambisa okanye ukuhambisa. Oko kukuthi, inkampani yenza inzuzo ngokufumana ikhomishini kwintengiselwano nganye, ukongeza ekubizeni iifizi zobhaliso kubathengisi abagcina iifestile kwintengiso.

Iqonga likwafaka iwebhusayithi ye-1688.com, ethi kule meko idibanise amashishini e-China nase-AliExpress, kubathengi bamashishini amancinci kwilizwe jikelele.

Taobao

Lelona shishini likhulu leQela leAlibaba, eyimakethi yomthengi ukuya kubathengi, njenge-eBay. Umahluko ophambili kukuba iTaobao ayihlawulisi ntlawulo. Endaweni yokuba yenza imali ngokuthengisa iintengiso, njengale nto yenziwa nguGoogle.

Ngale ndlela abathengisi banokuhlawula ukubeka iimveliso zabo kwindawo ephambili, bafumane ukubonakala ngakumbi kwiimveliso zabo okanye bafikelele abathengi abaninzi ngeentengiso zokukhangela.

tmall.com

Kule meko, yinkampani eyahlulwe kwiTaobao ukuzidibanisa njenge Intengiso yanyanga le ukusuka kwishishini ukuya kubathengi, ngakumbi ukujolisa kwinqanaba eliphakathi elikhulayo. Ngenxa yoko, ineemveliso ezikwelona nqanaba liphezulu, ezona ntengiso zibalaseleyo zamazwe aphesheya, ukongeza ekubizeni abarhwebi bayo iifizi zonyaka.

Kubalulekile ukuba uqaphele ukuba nangona kuyinyani oko IAlibaba Group ivelisa umthamo wayo wengeniso ngala mashishini mathathu Sineenkcukacha nje, inkampani ikwafumana ingeniso kwamanye amashishini.

• IJuhuasuan, eyindawo yokuthengisa enjenge-Groupon
• I-Alipay, iqonga lokuhlawula elifana nemodeli yeshishini le-PayPal
• IAlibaba Cloud Computing
• I-Laiwang, usetyenziso lomyalezo olukhuphisana ngqo ne-Tencent's WeChat
• I-Aliwangwang, eyinkonzo yemiyalezo ekhawulezileyo
• USina Weibo, olingana neTshayina kuTwitter
• YouKu, uguqulelo lwesiTshayina lweYouTube
• Ukongeza, ikwaneshishini lefilimu, kunye neqela lebhola ekhatywayo kunye nengxowa-mali efanayo.

Into enomdla ukuyikhankanya loo nto IAlibaba ayixhomekekanga nakowuphi na umthombo wengeniso kuba unako ukuvelisa imali kwimigca eyahlukeneyo yeshishini. IAlibaba okwangoku ibonelela ngee-microcredits kwaye ithathe inxaxheba kwinkqubo yaseburhulumenteni yaseTshayina yokudala iibhanki ezintlanu zabucala ngesilingo kwezinye zeedolophu ezinkulu e China.

Ilawulwa lilungu leAlibaba, inkqubo yokuhlawula incede inkampani ukuba ifumane ubutyebi bolwazi malunga namashishini amancinci e-China, abathengi, kunye nemicimbi abayenzayo kwi-Intanethi. Kodwa nangona inkampani iqhubeka iyeyona ndawo inkulu ye-e-commerce e-China, ijongene nokhuphiswano olunzima njengoko abathengi base-China basebenzisa ii-smartphones zabo.

Sele siyazi ukuba isebenza njani iAlibaba kodwa kula manqaku alandelayo Siza kubona ezinye iimfihlo zempumelelo yakhe kwilizwe liphela.

IAlibaba ayisiyo-Chinese inguqulelo yeAmazon kwaye ayiyiyo inkampani yokuthengisa

Ukuthetha ngokungqongqo, iAlibaba ayisiyi «isitoreji»Kuba ayizithengisi iimveliso, endaweni yoko isebenza kwiindawo zentengiso ezinkulu kwi-Intanethi (Taobao y Tmall) phi Isigidi sabarhwebi kunye neempawu Babeka iifestile zabo bathengisa iimveliso zabo.

Ngale ndlela, imodeli kaAlibaba iyafana ngakumbi eBay kunye Njengaye, uAlibaba ufumana inxenye yengeniso yakhe ngokusebenzisa iifizi ezisebenza kwintengiselwano yeTmall. Ngokungafaniyo ne-eBay, iAlibaba ikwavelisa ingeniso evela kwiintengiso kwiindawo zayo zokuthenga, iTaobao kunye neTmall. Enkosi kule indibaniselwano yeentengiso kunye neekhomishini, IAlibaba inenzuzo ngakumbi kunabo ikhuphisana nabo. Ngoku uyazi ukuba yintoni iAlibaba, masibone imodeli yayo yeshishini.

IAlibaba's B2B yinxalenye encinci yeshishini labo

Xa ukhangela «Alibaba»en Uphando, Enye yeewebhusayithi zokuqala eziza kuqaliswa Alibaba.com. Leyo yiportal yokuba umseki wayo, Jack Ma, Iphehlelelwe 1999, xa inkampani yaqala. Yindawo ebekelwe iB2B idibanisa abavelisi baseTshayina nabathengi baphesheya.

Nangona kunjalo, le portal B2B ngokuthelekiswa noko encinci Yonke imisebenzi yeQela leAlibaba, ngakumbi xa kuthelekiswa neemarike zayo B2C yeTaobao kunye neTmall, eqokelela amakhulu ezigidi zabasebenzisi kwaye zimele uninzi lomvuzo wakho.

Nangona kunjalo ITaobao kunye neTmall Ngaba ngamagama emizi e-China, uninzi lwabasebenzisi abangengabo base China khange beve ngawo kuba uninzi lweenkonzo kwezi ndawo ziZifumaneka kuphela kwizithethi zaseTshayina.

U-Alibaba usungule ITaobao ngo-2003 y Tmall ngo-2008, kwaye zombini ngoku zilawula i-Chinese B2C e-commerce. Ezi ntengiso ziveliswe ngo-2013 I-248 yezigidigidi zeedola kwintengiselwano, umzobo inkulu kuneAmazon kunye ne-eBay ngokudibeneyo.

IAlibaba kunye noGoogle babelana ngeempawu ezithile

ITaobao kunye neTmall zixhotyiswe ngezabo injini yokukhangela, ebonelelwe nguAlibaba kunye nokunceda abathengi ukukhangela iimveliso. Kwelinye icala, abathengisi abaninzi abathengisa eTaobao naseTmall bathatha inxaxheba Ifandesi yamagama aphambili, ifana kakhulu nendlela iinkampani ezichitha ngayo imali kuGoogle.

Ngokomzekelo, xa umthengi engena igama elingundoqo njenge «calculator«, Iziphumo zophando zibonisa iimveliso zabarhwebi ezenze eyona bhidi iphezulu (ngeli gama eliphambili) ngokubonakalayo, kulandele abanye. Lo msebenzi uyafana nalowo AdWords isuka kuGoogle.

Ukukhangela kunye nokunxibelelana kwayo nentengiso kuvelisa imali eninzi kwiAlibaba, kuba yiTobaobao kuphela ejikeleze Amashishini ayi-7 yezigidi Bakhuphisana ngokuqatha ukutsala umdla wabathengi bezinto zabo.

Ngoku uyazi Usebenza njani uAlibabaSiyathemba ukuba icacile into yokuba le ngxilimbela yaseTshayina ingayeki ukukhula nokuba isebenza kanjani.

Inqaku elidibeneyo:

Impumelelo ye-ecommerce kumazwe ahlukeneyo