Kuyisu elihle elenzelwe noma yimuphi usomabhizinisi noma uchwepheshe futhi, ikakhulukazi, izinkampani ezincane neziphakathi, ngale ndlela, ezinganciphisa umthwalo yokusetshenziswa kwalezi zinkampani kusuka manje. Futhi esizokunikeza eminye imibono ukuze ukwazi ukuyifeza ngempumelelo kulezi zikhathi eziyinkimbinkimbi obekufanele uphile kuzo kulezi zinsuku.
Okokuqala, kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi ayikho iresiphi yomlingo yokwehlisa izindleko zentela, kepha "amaqhinga" amancane ambalwa angasetshenziswa ukugwema ukukhokha intela yamanje, futhi ngalomqondo omunye wemikhiqizo ezuzisa kakhulu yimali Ukutshalwa kwezimali, okuvumela ukudluliswa phakathi kwabo ngaphandle kokufaka noma yikuphi ukubanjwa kwentela, ukuthi kubathengise kamuva lapho ukuphumula kwentela kuqala kwentela yabo.
Ekupheleni kosuku, kumayelana nokuthi ungaba nazo zonke izindleko zakho esitolo noma kwezentengiso eziku-inthanethi. Ukuze emizuzwini yokuqala onawo bhekana nezidingo zakho eziyisisekelo ukukhuthaza lo mzila webhizinisi okhetheke kakhulu. Okuthile okungeke kube lula nakancane, kepha ngokubekezela okuncane nokuziphatha ekugcineni uzofinyelela umgomo wakho owufisayo.
Ukonga intela kutshalomali
Esinye sezikhalazo ezinkulu zabasindisi abancane nabaphakathi ngemikhiqizo yokutshala imali abayiqashile yimali eyeqile okufanele bayisebenzise ukuhambisana nokuphathwa kwabo kwentela, okwamanje okubekwe ku-21%, futhi lokho kusho ukuthi kuma-euro ayi-100 atholakele kwamanye kwemikhiqizo yabo, UMgcinimafa uthatha ama-euro angama-21. Ayikho iresiphi yomlingo yokunciphisa lezi zindleko, lokho kucace ngokwanele, kepha uma ungafaka "amaqhinga" amancane okugwema ukukhokha intela yamanje.
Ngokombono womunye wemikhiqizo yezimali enenzuzo enkulu kubanikazi bayo, njengezimali zokutshala imali, kungenzeka, kunoma yikuphi okwehlukile (imali engaguquki, okuguqukayo, okuxubekile, imali ...), ngoba zivumela ukudluliselwa phakathi ngaphandle kokufaka noma iyiphi ukugcinwa kwezimali (0%), inqobo nje uma begcina imali yabo itshalwe kwesinye isikhwama ngomsebenzi wokudlulisa. Kepha qaphela kakhulu ukwenza ngokusemthethweni noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuthengisa nabo (noma kungaphelele noma kuphelele) ngoba kuleli cala elithile bazofakwa kubo ngesikhathi sokuphothula umsebenzi.
Ngezimali zokutshala imali
Ngokwalo mbono, kungcono ukuhlala ezikhwameni zotshalo-mali kunokuba uvale izikhundla zabo (uzithengise) futhi kube sengathi yi-akhawunti yokonga, ulinde ibhalansi yabo ukuthi inyuke njengoba izinsuku zihamba. Ngokuphambene nalokho, leli su elizuzisa kakhulu ababhalisile alisebenzi kwamanye imikhiqizo yokonga nokutshala imali (idiphozi, amanothi ezethembiso zebhange, imakethe yamasheya izimvume…) Lokho akuvumeli ushintsho oluqonde kolunye uhlobo lomkhiqizo ofanayo ngaphandle kokuthi le ntela isetshenziswe kubo. Kuphakathi kokuthi bathengiswa ngesaphulelo sentela yabo ehambisanayo noma, lapho befika ekuvuthweni kulapho ukusebenza okufanayo kwenziwa ngokusemthethweni, futhi ngaphandle kokuthola ithuba lokuthola inzuzo yentela.
Lezi zimali zivumela amaklayenti ukuthi asebenzise amandla okukhula ahlinzekwa izimakethe zamasheya okwamanje, ngaphandle kokubeka engcupheni izimpahla zawo, akwazi ezimweni eziningi ukuthola ukuvuselelwa ngokukhethwa okubanzi kwemikhiqizo ngokuya nganoma iyiphi imakethe yezimali., Kuzwelonke nakwamanye amazwe futhi, lapho abasafufusa begqama khona ngobusha babo.
Ezinye izindlela zokukhetha isikhwama salezi zici zibanzi kakhulu, kusukela kulezo ezisuselwe ezimakethe ezisafufusa kuya kulezo ezibeka imali yazo ezimakethe zomhlaba ezisikisela kakhulu umzuzwana ngamunye njengeNyakatho Melika, iYurophu noma iJapan, ngokunengqondo zidlula lezo zezwe uhlamvu. Bangabhaliswa kusuka kuma-euro angama-100, kepha into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele bayinake ukuthi -ukungafani nokutshala imali ngqo emakethe yamasheya- banesikhathi esiphansi esiphakanyisiwe sokuhlala unomphela esingakhuphukela eminyakeni eyi-5 noma engu-7, Kwenziwa esigabeni sokutshalwa kwemali okuhloswe ngaso esikhathini esimaphakathi nasesikhathini eside.
Amasu wokuthuthukisa intela
Kuyacaca ukuthi impatho yentela yemikhiqizo yezezimali iyona ekhona okwamanje futhi engeke yashintshwa kuze kube noshintsho olusha emithethweni, kodwa "ngamasu" amancane singawushintsha lo mkhuba, yize kuphela kumikhiqizo ethile hhayi zonke, njengoba ubona.
Ezikhwameni zokutshala imali ungagcina amasheya noma udlulisele kwezinye izimali (ngisho kusuka kubaphathi abahlukene) ukulinda ukwehliswa kwentela yale mikhiqizo. Ngokuqondile manje, amazwi amaningi wokuhlonishwa kobungcweti ayavela lapho lokhu ukwehla kwezintela, okungenzeka ukuthi ifinyelele ku-18%, njengoba kusungulwe ngaphambilini. Yebo, uma imali etshalwe ezimali zotshalo-mali ibigcinwa kuze kube yileso sikhathi, abasebenzisi bangonga u-3% wentela.
Mayelana neminye imikhiqizo, imali engenayo engaguquguquki futhi eguquguqukayo, kungaba nzima kakhulu ukuletha lelisu libe yimpumelelo, uma kungenjalo empeleni. Kunoma ikuphi, kungabandakanya ukubhaliswa kwemali esikhathini esimaphakathi noma eside, phakathi kweminyaka engama-2 kuye kwengama-5, silinde ukuthi le ntela ekade ilindelwe iza. Kwenzeka okufanayo kumanothi ezethembiso zebhange noma eminye imikhiqizo efanayo (ukuwathenga iminyaka eminingana), kuyilapho emalini le nhloso kungenzeka futhi ngokwabela utshalomali lwethu esikhathini eside, noma lapho kwenzeka khona ukuphumula kwezimali.
Intela kulondolozwa
Zuza imbuyiselo ngezabelo futhi lokho kuzoba lusizo ngokwengeziwe kumbono wentela wabasebenzisi kunakwamanye amamodeli wokutshala imali. Njengoba, yize bengaphansi kwentela yokubamba engu-21%, kukhululwa intela efinyelela kuma-euro ayi-1.500 ngonyaka, kusethi yezabelo noma ukubamba iqhaza kuzinzuzo ezitholwe ngonyaka. Yize kunikezwe ukuthi kwenzeka lezi zimo ezilandelayo: uma amasheya athola izabelo abanjwe kuphothifoliyo isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezimbili ngaphambi kokuqoqwa noma uma abanjwe isikhathi esingaphezu kwezinyanga ezimbili ngemuva kokuqoqwa. Kulokhu kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi njengamanje izimali ezilinganayo zaseSpain zikhiqiza isivuno sezabelo se- phakathi kuka-5% no-8%, ngisho nangaphezulu yizinkampani eziphana kakhulu kunkomba yesitoko.
Ukuqasha uhlelo lwempesheni nakho kudala izinzuzo ezibalulekile zentela. Ngempela, iminikelo kule mikhiqizo inika ilungelo lokwehliswa kwesisekelo sentela se- Intela Yengeniso Yomuntu, evumela abaphathi bayo ukuthi bahlehlise intela futhi bathole ukonga intela. Yonke iminikelo umhlanganyeli ayenzayo phakathi nonyaka izoncishiswa kusuka kwisisekelo sentela yemali engenayo, ngamanani aphezulu asungulwe ngumthetho.
Ama-akhawunti enzuzo ephezulu
Amabhange namabhange okonga aqala ezinye izinhlobo zama-akhawunti ezinikeza umholo ophakeme kumakhasimende awo, yize ngenxa yokwehla kwamanani wenzalo, lawa ezimweni ezingavamile lapho yeqa 2% futhi, lapho amasu amaningi okuwathengisa alele ekunikezeni inzuzo yawo ngokususelwa kumathanyana, ukuze kuklonyeliswe amanani amakhulu kakhulu afakiwe.
Izimpawu zalolu hlobo lomkhiqizo ukuthi azibandakanyi imali yesondlo noma yokuphatha futhi zihambisana nezinye izinsizakalo zamahhala zabanikazi bazo njengokukhokha okuqondile noma ukuthola amakhadi mahhala ngokuphelele.
Ngenxa yokwehla kwamanani wenzalo kwakamuva nokuqhubekayo, izinhlangano eziningi zikhethe ukukhohlwa ngamanani amisiwe futhi zinikeza lolu hlobo lwama-akhawunti abhekiswe ku-Euribor, kanti kwezinye izimo ziwasusile ngqo kunkokhelo yawo yasebhange.
Ukwehla kwamanani ezinyangeni ezisanda kwedlula kuphazamise ukukhanga lolu hlobo lomkhiqizo olungaba nakho, okuthe ngezinye izikhathi kwafika kubaninimasheya imbuyiselo ngisho nangaphezulu kwe-4%, no-6% kokunye kokunyusa okwaziwayo, okwamanje kuyaqabukela ukuthi zeqe u-2%. Ngalokhu, izinhlangano ezibamakethayo zibahlobisa ngochungechunge lwezinsizakalo ezingasebenza njenge- isimangalo sokuqasha. Ukuthola amakhadi amahhala noma ukukwazi ukwenza imali eqondile ngezinye zalezi zimangalo.
Kunoma ikuphi, lawa ma-akhawunti anikela ngenzalo ephezulu kunama-akhawunti wokuhlola wendabuko, ezimweni ezinhle kakhulu angeqi ku-1%. Ukwehla kwamazinga wenzalo nakho kuthinta ukunikezwa kwale mikhiqizo. Ezinye izinhlangano ziyeke ngokuqondile ukuba nazo ekunikezelweni kwazo kwebhange, kanti ezinye zikhohlwa ngamanani amisiwe futhi zikhethe ukuwakhomba ku-Euribor, inkomba okubhekiselwa kuyo ngaphezu kwe-90% yemali mboleko. Kulokhu kufanele kuqashelwe ukuthi njengamanje izimali ezilinganayo zaseSpain zikhiqiza isivuno sezabelo se- phakathi kuka-5% no-8%, ngisho nangaphezulu yizinkampani eziphana kakhulu kunkomba yesitoko.