Zvichida kuti pane imwe nguva muhupenyu hwedu hwezuva nezuva hwakabatikana isu tinozozvibvunza isu mubvunzo uyo munguva pfupi inotevera unozouya mupfungwa. "Hupenyu hwangu hwaizovei dai ndisina kufambira mberi kwetekinoroji kuriko nhasi?"
Zvinowanzo kutiomera kumira kuti tifunge uye kufungisisa pamhando idzi dzekufungisisa, nekuti tinouya kune nyika uko izvo zvinhu zvatinoshandisa mazuva ese zvaingove zviripo, uye nekuda kwechikonzero icho zvakajairika kuti isu titorere zvinhu zvese kupihwa. maturusi nezviridzwa zvinoita kuti hupenyu hwedu huve nyore kupfuura zvazvaive kumadzitateguru edu.
Nekudaro, kana iwe ukamira kuti ufunge nezve izvo zvese izvo tekinoroji yanga isipo makore mashoma apfuura, kana mune izvo zvigadzirwa zvisipo izvo hupenyu husingafungidzike, ndipo patinogona kuona mabhenefiti makuru atinawo pamusoro pezvizvarwa zvakapfuura, mabhenefiti atisingape kukosha kwakaringana nekuti iwo anongova zvinhu izvo isu zvatinotora sezvisina basa muhupenyu hwedu hwese. , uye Kana kwenguva yekutanga isu patinoona kushomeka kwavo, imhaka yekuti isu kamwe kamwe tinorasikirwa navo.
Semuenzaniso, mamiriro akaita sekuchekwa kwesimba, tambo yemagetsi kutadza kana chokwadi chekuti gasi rinongoerekana rarasika, zvinoitika izvo isu zvatinoedza kungozvidzivirira pazvose, nekuti hatichakwanise kufungidzira hupenyu tisina kunyaradzwa uku, Asi kana iyo pakarepo mamiriro ekupererwa nemagetsi kana mvura inopisa inoitika, zvinotiyeuchidza izvozvo tiri kurarama munguva yebudiriro iyo vanhu vezvizvarwa zvishomanene chete zvakapfuura vakanga vasina.
Kuvapo kweinternet muhupenyu hwedu
Zvakananga chimwe chezvinhu zvinoshandura shanduko izvo vanhu vazhinji vanozvitora sezvisina basa mazuva ano, ndiko kuti, zvakadzika midzi muhupenyu hwedu zvekuti dzimwe nguva mumwe anofungidzira kuti ingadai yakagara iriko, iri internet, icho chikamu chikuru chevashandisi vayo chave kuita chinenge chimwezve chikamu chemuviri wemunhu.
Uye ndizvo izvozvo internet yakachinja hupenyu hwedu zvakanyanya kuti kana tikamira kuti tifunge nezvekwakatangira, zvinova zvinonetsa kuti isu tizive kuti kune vazhinji vedu vanoshandisa chishandiso chakanakisa, isu tiri chizvarwa chekutanga chevashandisi vakazviona zvichisvika, ndiko kuti, kune vazhinji vedu , Hatina kana kuziva nezve internet muhuhu hwedu hwekure kure, nekuti kunyangwe hazvo vechidiki vazhinji nhasi vakakura vachishandisa chishandiso ichi nemakomputa muhupenyu hwavo.
Vamwe vazhinji vakaona izvi zvichisvika zvigadzirwa zvehunyanzvi Kana isu tanga tatova nemamwe makore tichishandisa dzekare dzekutsvagisa nzira kuwana migove yevhiki, senge yakanyanya-yakashandiswa monograph kugadzira pfupiso dzavakatibvunza kuchikoro.
Nhasi, iro harisisiri dambudziko kuvana vanhasi, nekuti ivo vatove nechavanacho chikuru Wikipedia. Nekudaro, kune vakawanda vemazuvano vakuru, zvinhu zvaisave zviri nyore nguva dzose, nekuti kana tichifunga izvo World Wide Web akaberekwa muna 1991, ndiko kuti, makore makumi maviri nemana apfuura, zvinoreva kuti vanhu vese vane makore anopfuura makumi mana ehupenyu, vaisaziva internet mumakore avo gumi ekutanga uye pamwe kwete mune inotevera, nekuti apo internet yaive akazvarwa, Zvakaramba zvichitora makore mashoma kuti ive netiweki yepasirese yatinoziva nhasi uye yatinoshandisa mazuva ese, sechinhu chakakosha chedu chedzidzo, hupenyu hwehunyanzvi uye kunyangwe sechikamu chekuzorora kwedu kwezuva nezuva.
IInternet ine nzvimbo yakachengeteka mune ese mativi ehupenyu hwedu, asi isu hatitombo funga nezvekuti taizorarama sei kana tikarasa chishandiso ichi, isina makore makumi maviri nemana ekuberekwa, kamwe kamwe. Ndokusaka isu tichazoongorora muchidimbu iyo Nhoroondo yeInternet nekusimudzira kwayakaratidza nekufamba kwenguva, kuti inzwisise mhedzisiro yayakave patiri nekufunga pamusoro pekuti ichi chigadzirwa chakachinjika sei, sekushanduka kwetekinoroji uye kwetsika munhoroondo yehupenyu hwevanhu.
Midzi yeinternet
Kubva pane zvataurwa pamusoro apa, zvirokwazvo vazhinji vanofunga kuti internet yakabuda mushe makore 27 apfuura, muna 1991. Zvisinei, zuva iri rinoenderana chete nekuzvarwa World Wide Web, iyo yatinogona kunzwisisa sechimiro chakakosha chakagadzirwa ichi chishandiso chekutaurirana chepasirese.
Kana isu tichida kudzokera ku chokwadi chenhoroondo izvo zvakasiya hwaro hwekuvandudzwa kweinternet, saka isu tinofanirwa kuenda zvakanyanya kumberi munhoroondo yehunyanzvi hweruzivo. Aya ndo maitiro atingaone izvozvo zvidzidzo zvekutanga zvakatungamira mukuvandudzwa kweinternet, Vakatanga pakupera kweHondo Yenyika II, semhedzisiro yemakwikwi akasimba nekukwikwidzana kwakaitika mumamiriro eCold War, pakati pemasimba makuru eUnited States neSoviet Union.
Mune mazwi mashoma Iyo internet ndeye mhedzisiro yechirongwa chemauto, kubvira matanho ayo ekutanga akagadzwa muma60., nekuda kwekudikanwa kwekuti United States igadzire yakasarudzika ruzivo rwemauto network, iyo inobvumidza, mune chiitiko chekufungidzira kurwisa kweRussia, kuwana ruzivo rwunodiwa kuti upindure kuchisimba kubva chero kupi munyika.
Yakanga yakaita seizvi, sepashure kufambira mberi kwakawanda uye kugadziridzwa mune izvi, akauya pasi rose, muna 1969, iyo network inozivikanwa se ARPANET, hurongwa hwaingove nemakomputa angangoita mana ari mumayunivhesiti akasiyana kutenderera nyika. Kubudirira kwechirongwa ichi kwaive kwakakura zvekuti makore maviri chete gare gare, pakanga paine makomputa makumi mana aive akabatana, achigovana ruzivo kubva kunzvimbo dzakasiyana dzenyika.
Iyo TCP protocol: iwo musana wemanhasi emakomputa network
Nguva pfupi yapfuura iyo kutanga kubatana kwemakomputa, vaive mumayunivhesiti akasiyana muUnited States, kwakauya kumberi nyowani mune izvi, izvo zvakazove zvakakosha kune iyo exponential kukura kwemakomputa network, iyo inonzi TCP protocol.
Iyo Transmission Kudzora Protocol, Nezve chirevo chayo muChirungu TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) yakasikwa pakati pa1973 na1974 nevatsvakurudzi Vint Cerf naRobert Kahn, uye zvine hunyanzvi hwekutakura hwekubatana kwakawanda uye kuyerera kwedata, ndiko kuti, kutumira uye kutumira kweizvi zvakachengeteka.
Kukosha kweiyi tekinoroji kuri mune yekuti yakaramba ichienderera kusvika nanhasi se iyo yekutanga nzira yekugovana ruzivo pakati pemakomputa, kusvika padanho rekuti ichi chivakwa chinotsigira zvinozivikanwa zvakanyanya kunyorera paInternet, pamwe neiyo HTTP, SMT, SSH uye FTP maitiro ekushandisa.
Nemashoko akapusa, tinogona kutaura kuti iyi protocol inoshanda senge kuvaka kwemakomputa zvinoita kuti tikwanise kutumira nekugamuchira dhata kuita hombe ruzivo rwepasi rese, izvo zvinoita kuti uve musana weinternet.
Kuberekwa kweWWW
Inotevera shanduko huru yekombuta yepasirese komputa yaizouya makore akati wandei gare gare, kusvika 1983, apo United States Dhipatimendi reDziviriro paakasarudza kuchinjira mukushandisa kwe TCP / IP protocol mune yayo yega network inonzi Arpanet, kugadzira semhedzisiro network nyowani inonzi Arpa Internet network, kuti pamusoro pemakore aizozivikanwa chete se "Internet".
Pakazosvika 1985, iyi yaive tekinoroji nyowani yakasimbiswa zvizere mukomputa yenyika, kunyangwe ichizivikanwa chete nenyanzvi mumunda. Nhanho yekupedzisira yeinternet kuti pakupedzisira itange kusvika kudzimba dzemamirioni avanhu kutenderera pasirese ichave iyo kusikwa kweWorld Wide Web, izvo zvakaitika chaizvo nguva pfupi yapfuura.
Muna 1990, Tim Berners weEuropean Center for Nuclear Research (CERN) akatungamira kutsvagisa pane a system inobvumidza kuchengetedza data uye kudzosa. Basa rake rakabhadharwa, achigadzira muna 1991 iyo "World Wide Web" (WWW) vachishandisa zviridzwa zvitatu zvitsva: HTML, TPP uye chirongwa chinonzi Web Browser.
Mushure mekubudirira kuyedza mashandiro emakomputa network, yakavhurwa kuti ishandiswe neruzhinji muna1993, kuburikidza neyekutanga injini yekutsvaga munhoroondo, Wandex iyo yakashanda seindekisi yemapeji ewebhu, kubvira iri yekutanga kugadzirwa, aya mapeji anogona kurongwa uye nyore kuzivikanwa.
Ndokusaka chikonzero ichi Tim Berners achiwanzobatanidzwa sababa veWebhu, mutongo unogona kunge uchiwedzeredzwa, sezvo uchibvisa chikwereti kuzvidzidzo zvese zvakapfuura, zvakaitwa nevatsvagiri nemasayendisiti muhafu yepiri yeiyo century.XX, saka Tim Berners aigona kuve nematurusi akamubatsira kana kuisa chidhinha chekupedzisira mu kuvakwa kwekupedzisira kweinternet.
Internet nhasi
Internet yakanga isiri nyore chirongwa, uye haina kuuya muhupenyu hwedu husiku humwe, kubvira kubva pamaumbirwo ayo ekutanga kusvika pakuvakwa kwayo kwekupedzisira, zvakatora chingangoita hafu yezana ramakore. Kuziva idzi dhata kunotipa iwo marongero ekuti uve nehanya zvikuru nechimwe chezvipo zvikuru kwazvo izvo huchenjeri hwevanhu hwakatipa. Zviri kwatiri kushandisa mukana uyu unocheka nekwese kuti ushandure uve chimwe chimbo chebasa redu nekusimudzira uye kwete chishandiso chakareruka chete.